Occurrence and Composition of Fish Species in Three Different Locations of the Ganga River
Sumit Kumar *
ICAR-Directorate of Coldwater Fisheries Research, Bhimtal, 263136, India.
Amita Saxena
Department of Fisheries Resource Management, College of Fisheries, G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, Udham Singh Nagar, Uttarakhand-263145, India.
N.N. Pandey
ICAR-Directorate of Coldwater Fisheries Research, Bhimtal, 263136, India.
Diksha Arya
College of Fisheries, G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, Udham Singh Nagar, Uttarakhand-263145, India.
Toshibaa
D.S.B. Campus Kumaon University, Nainital, 263002, India.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
The freshwater ecosystem's health and fish diversity depend on natural and human interventions. The present investigation was carried out for one year to observe the present physicochemical parameters, fish composition, and abundance with diversity at three selected locations, i.e., A1, A2, and A3. Physico-chemical parameters were exceptionally suitable, and the limnological conditions were favorable for the growth and survival of biodiversity. 39 fish species belonging to 8 orders and 16 families were recorded, and cypriniformes was the most predominant order, followed by siluriformes. Simpson's Diversity Index (D) at site A1 was D=0.73, site A2 D=0.82, and site A3 D=0.87. The highest diversity was found at site A3 and the lowest at site A1. The second most dominant catch of exotics in the landing has adversely impacted the Indian major carps. There should be proper regulations and guidelines for the production and disposal of effluents as well as excessive fishing of indigenous aquatic fisheries.
Keywords: Ganga river, physico-chemical, diversity, cypriniformes