SPECIES DIVERSITY OF BUTTERFLIES IN MODERATELY DISTURBED FORESTS AND ALONG FOREST EDGES – A CASE STUDY OF KARJAT, DIST. AHMEDNAGAR, MAHARASHTRA, INDIA
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Published
Jan 27, 2020
Page:
214-221
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RAHUL LAGHUDE
Department of Zoology, Ahmednagar College, Post Box No. 21, Station Road, Ahmednagar – 414 001 (Maharashtra State), India.
BALRAJ KHOBRAGADE
Department of Zoology, Ahmednagar College, Post Box No. 21, Station Road, Ahmednagar – 414 001 (Maharashtra State), India.
JATISHWOR SINGH IRUNGBAM
Biology Centre CAS, Institute of Entomology and Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branišovská 31, CZ – 37005 České Budějovice, Czech Republic.
Abstract
Butterflies, belonging to the order Lepidoptera, are ecologically and economically important insects. This study was undertaken to assess the species diversity of butterflies in the moderately disturbed forests and along forest edges of Karjat, India. Bimonthly surveys were conducted by Modified Pollard Walk Method through walking transect during daytime. Forty five species were recorded as belonging to 33 genera in 5 families. The most dominant families were: Papilionidae (4 genera and 7 species), Pieridae (8 genera and 13 species), Nymphalidae (9 genera and 13 species), Lycaenidae (10 genera and 10 species) and Hesperiidae (2 genera and 2 species). It was observed that the diversity of species exists in the meadows, shrublands, moderately disturbed forests and along forest edges. It is concluded that the study area is a home to diverse species of butterflies and the same should be conserved by reducing human intervention that affects the flora and fauna of the area.
Keywords:
Butterflies, conservation, diversity, forests, India, Karjat, species.
Article Details
How to Cite
LAGHUDE, R., KHOBRAGADE, B., & IRUNGBAM, J. S. (2020). SPECIES DIVERSITY OF BUTTERFLIES IN MODERATELY DISTURBED FORESTS AND ALONG FOREST EDGES – A CASE STUDY OF KARJAT, DIST. AHMEDNAGAR, MAHARASHTRA, INDIA. UTTAR PRADESH JOURNAL OF ZOOLOGY, 40(4), 214-221. Retrieved from https://mbimph.com/index.php/UPJOZ/article/view/1464
Section
Original Research Article
References
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Connor EF, Hafernik J, Levy J, Moore VL, Rickman JK. Insect conservation in an urban biodiversity hotspot: The San Francisco Bay area. Journal of Insect Conservation. 2003;6: 247- 259.
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Available:https://www.insightsonindia.com/2019/01/01/convention-on-biological-diversity- cbd/. 2019
(Accessed on 01st January 2020)
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Shields O. World numbers of butterflies. Jour nal of the Lepidopterists’ Society. 1989;43: 178-183.
Larsen TB. Butterflies of West Africa. Published by Apollo Books, Stenstrup; 2005.
Kehimkar I. The Book of Indian Butterflies. Bombay Natural History Society, Published by Oxford University Press, Oxford, New York. 2008:497.
Varshney RK, Smetacek P. A synoptic catalogue of the butterflies of India. Butterfly Research Centre, Bhimtal & Indinov Publishing, New Delhi; 2015.
Bonebrake Timothy C, Lauren C Ponisio, Carol L Boggs, Paul R. Ehrlich. More than just indicators: A review of tropical butterfly ecology and conservation. Biological Conservation. 2010;143:1831-1841.
Solomon Raju AJ, Rao PS. A case study on the decline of butterfly colonies in degraded habitats of Vishkhapatnam. Bulletin of Andhra University Research Forum. 2002;7(10):57-59.
Tiple AD, Deshmukh VP, Dennis RLH. Factors influencing nectar plant resource visits by butterflies on a university campus: Implications for conservation. Nota Lepid. 2006;28:213-224.
Culin JD. Relationship of Butterfly visitation with nectar qualities and flower color in Butterfly Bush, Buddleia davidii. - News of the Lepidopterists’ Society. 1997;39:35-39.
Solomon Raju Aluri. Nectar host plants of some butterfly species at Visakhapatnam. Science and Culture. 2004;70(4-5): 187-190.
Thomas CD, Malorie HC. Rarity, species richness, and conservation: Butterflies of the Atlas Mountains in Morocco. Biological Conservation. 1985;33:95-117.
Leps J, Spitzer K. Ecological determinants of butterfly communities (Lepidoptera, Papilionidae) in the Tam Dao Mountains, Vietnam. Acta Entomologica Bohemoslovaca. 1990;87:182-194.
Lindenmayer DB, Likens GE. Adaptive monitoring: A new paradigm for longterm research and monitoring. Trends Ecol. Evol. 2009;4:482-486.
Gowda Raghavendra, Vijaya Kumara HT, Pramod AF, Hosetti BB. Butterfly diversity, seasonality and status in Lakkavalli range of Bhadra Wildlife Sanctuary, Karnataka. World Journal of Science and Technology. 2011;1(11):67-72.
Barlow J, Overal WL, Araujo IS, Gardner TA, Carlos AP. The value of primary, secondary and plantation forests for fruit-feeding butterflies in the Brazilian Amazon. Journal of Applied Ecology. 2007;44:1001-1012.
Blair RB, Launer AE. Butterfly diversity and human land use: Species assemblages along an urban gradient. Biological Conservation. 1997;80(1):113-125.
Brown KS. The use of insects in the study, conservation and monitoring of biological diversity in Neotropical habitats, in relation to traditional land use systems, In: SA. Ae, T. Hirowatari, M. Ishii, LP Brower, (eds.) Decline and Conservation of Butterflies in Japan III, Proceedings International Symposium on Butterfly Conservation, Osaka, Japan, 1994. The Lepidopterological Society of Japan, Osaka, Japan. 1996;128-149.
Bobo KS, Waltert M, Fermon H, Njokagbor J, Mȕhlenberg M. From forest to farmland: Butterfly diversity and habitat associations along a gradient of forest conversion in Southwestern Cameroon. Journal of Insect Conservation. 2006;10(1):29-42.
Fermon H, Waltert M, Vane-Wright RI, Mȕhlenberg M. Forest use and vertical stratification in fruit feeding butterflies of Sulawesi, Indonesia: impacts for conservation. Biodiversity and Conservation. 2005;14(2): 333-350.
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Vu LV. Diversity and similarity of butterfly communities in five different habitat types at Tam Dao National Park, Vietnam. Journal of Zoology. 2009;277(1):15-22.
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Pollard E, Yates TJ. Monitoring Butterflies for Ecology and Conservation. Published by Chapman & Hall, London, UK; 1993.
Caldas A, Robbins R. Modified Pollard transects for assessing tropical butterfly abundance and diversity. Biological Conservation. 2003;110:211-219.
Watson Allan, Paul E.S. Whalley. The Dictionary of Butterflies and Moths in Colour. Published by Peerage: Cambridge Rare Books, Cambridge, United Kingdom; 1983.
Kehimkar I. Butterflies of India. Published by Bombay Natural History Society, Mumbai; 2016.
Boonvanno Kantamaht, Suparoek Watanasit, Surakrai Permkam. Butterfly Diversity at Ton Nga- Chang Wildlife Sanctuary, Songkhla Province, Southern Thailand. Science Asia. 2000;26:105- 110.
Shamsudeen RSM, George Mathew. Diversity of Butterflies in Shendurny Wildlife Sanctuary, Kerala (India). World Journal of Zoology. 2010;5(4):324-329.
Rajagopal T, Sekar M, Manimozhi A, Baskar N, Archunan G. Diversity and community structure of butterfly of Arignar Anna Zoological Park, Chennai, Tamil Nadu. J. Environ. Biol. 2011;32,201-207.
Deshmukh CK, Dharamkar DW. A view regarding the diversity of butterflies of Dnyanganga Sanctuary in Maharashtra, India. J. Environ. Res. Develop. 2014;8(4):1016-1020.
Patil Kishor G, Virendra A Shende. Butterfly diversity of Gorewada International Bio-Park, Nagpur, Central India. Arthropods. 2014;3(2):111-119.
Krishna Siva Rama I, Swamy AVVS. Butterfly diversity at Nagarjunasagar-Srisailam Tiger Reserve. International Journal of Applied Biosciences. 2014;2(1):48-63.
Padhye Anand, Sheetal Shelke, Neelesh Dahanukar. Distribution and composition of butterfly species along the latitudinal and habitat gradients of the Western Ghats of India; 2012.
Singh AP. Butterfly diversity in tropical moist deciduous sal forests of Ankua Reserve Forest, Koina Range, Saranda Division, West Singhbhum District, Jharkhand, India. Journal of Threatened Taxa. 2010;2(9):1130-1139.
Majumder J, Lodh R, Agarwala BK. Butterfly species richness and diversity in the Trishna Wildlife Sanctuary in South Asia. Journal of Insect Science. 2013;13(79):1-14.
Kunte K. Seasonal patterns in butterfly abundance and species diversity in four tropical habitats in Northern Western Ghats. Journal of Bioscience.1997;22(5):593-603.
Bastin L. The distribution of plant species in urban vegetation fragments. Landsc. Ecol. 1999;14: 493-507.
Hall RI, Leavitt PR, Quinian R, Dixit AS, Smol JP. Effects of agriculture, urbanization and climate on water quality in the northern green plains. Limnol. Oceanogr. 1999;44:731-759.
McKinney ML. Urbanization, biodiversity and conservation. Bioscience. 2002;52:883-890.
Singh SK, Srivastava SP, Tandon Pankaj, Azad BS. Faunal diversity during rainy season in reclaimed sodic land of Uttar Pradesh, India. J. Environ. Biol. 2009;30:551-556.
Garg RK, Rao RJ, Saksena DN. Water quality and conservation management of Ramsagar reservoir, Datia, Madhya Pradesh. J. Environ. Biol. 2009;30:909-916.
Malagrino GG, Lagunas MM, Rubio AO. Environmental impact reduction through ecological planning at Bahia Magdalena, Mexico. J. Environ. Biol. 2008;29:79-82.
Houlihan Peter R., Mark E. Harrison, Susan M. Cheyne. Impacts of forest gaps on butterfly diversity in a Bornean peat-swamp forest. Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology. 2013;16:67-73.
Connor EF, Hafernik J, Levy J, Moore VL, Rickman JK. Insect conservation in an urban biodiversity hotspot: The San Francisco Bay area. Journal of Insect Conservation. 2003;6: 247- 259.
Hedblom M. Birds and butterflies in Swedish urban and peri-urban habitats: A landscape perspective [Dissertation]. Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala; 2007.
Anonymous.
Available:https://www.insightsonindia.com/2019/01/01/convention-on-biological-diversity- cbd/. 2019
(Accessed on 01st January 2020)
Robbins RK, Opler PA. Butterfly diversity and a preliminary comparison with bird and mammal diversity. In: Wilson DE, Reaka-Kudla ML, Wilson EO (eds.) Biodiversity II, Understanding and Protecting Our Biological Resources. Published by Joseph Henry Press, Washington DC; 1997.
Shields O. World numbers of butterflies. Jour nal of the Lepidopterists’ Society. 1989;43: 178-183.
Larsen TB. Butterflies of West Africa. Published by Apollo Books, Stenstrup; 2005.
Kehimkar I. The Book of Indian Butterflies. Bombay Natural History Society, Published by Oxford University Press, Oxford, New York. 2008:497.
Varshney RK, Smetacek P. A synoptic catalogue of the butterflies of India. Butterfly Research Centre, Bhimtal & Indinov Publishing, New Delhi; 2015.
Bonebrake Timothy C, Lauren C Ponisio, Carol L Boggs, Paul R. Ehrlich. More than just indicators: A review of tropical butterfly ecology and conservation. Biological Conservation. 2010;143:1831-1841.
Solomon Raju AJ, Rao PS. A case study on the decline of butterfly colonies in degraded habitats of Vishkhapatnam. Bulletin of Andhra University Research Forum. 2002;7(10):57-59.
Tiple AD, Deshmukh VP, Dennis RLH. Factors influencing nectar plant resource visits by butterflies on a university campus: Implications for conservation. Nota Lepid. 2006;28:213-224.
Culin JD. Relationship of Butterfly visitation with nectar qualities and flower color in Butterfly Bush, Buddleia davidii. - News of the Lepidopterists’ Society. 1997;39:35-39.
Solomon Raju Aluri. Nectar host plants of some butterfly species at Visakhapatnam. Science and Culture. 2004;70(4-5): 187-190.
Thomas CD, Malorie HC. Rarity, species richness, and conservation: Butterflies of the Atlas Mountains in Morocco. Biological Conservation. 1985;33:95-117.
Leps J, Spitzer K. Ecological determinants of butterfly communities (Lepidoptera, Papilionidae) in the Tam Dao Mountains, Vietnam. Acta Entomologica Bohemoslovaca. 1990;87:182-194.
Lindenmayer DB, Likens GE. Adaptive monitoring: A new paradigm for longterm research and monitoring. Trends Ecol. Evol. 2009;4:482-486.
Gowda Raghavendra, Vijaya Kumara HT, Pramod AF, Hosetti BB. Butterfly diversity, seasonality and status in Lakkavalli range of Bhadra Wildlife Sanctuary, Karnataka. World Journal of Science and Technology. 2011;1(11):67-72.
Barlow J, Overal WL, Araujo IS, Gardner TA, Carlos AP. The value of primary, secondary and plantation forests for fruit-feeding butterflies in the Brazilian Amazon. Journal of Applied Ecology. 2007;44:1001-1012.
Blair RB, Launer AE. Butterfly diversity and human land use: Species assemblages along an urban gradient. Biological Conservation. 1997;80(1):113-125.
Brown KS. The use of insects in the study, conservation and monitoring of biological diversity in Neotropical habitats, in relation to traditional land use systems, In: SA. Ae, T. Hirowatari, M. Ishii, LP Brower, (eds.) Decline and Conservation of Butterflies in Japan III, Proceedings International Symposium on Butterfly Conservation, Osaka, Japan, 1994. The Lepidopterological Society of Japan, Osaka, Japan. 1996;128-149.
Bobo KS, Waltert M, Fermon H, Njokagbor J, Mȕhlenberg M. From forest to farmland: Butterfly diversity and habitat associations along a gradient of forest conversion in Southwestern Cameroon. Journal of Insect Conservation. 2006;10(1):29-42.
Fermon H, Waltert M, Vane-Wright RI, Mȕhlenberg M. Forest use and vertical stratification in fruit feeding butterflies of Sulawesi, Indonesia: impacts for conservation. Biodiversity and Conservation. 2005;14(2): 333-350.
Schulze CH, Steffan-Dewenter I, Tsharntke T. Effect of land use on butterfly communities at the rainforest margin: A case study from Central Sulawesi, In: Gerold G, Fremerey M, and Guhardja E (eds.) Land Use, Nature Conservation and the Stability of Rainforest Margins in Southeast Asia. Springer, Berlin, Germany. 2004: 281-297.
Vu VL. Biodiversity of butterflies (Lepidoptera: Rhopalocera) and ecological indicator role of some butterfly species in Tam Dao National Park, Vinh Phuc. Ph.D. Thesis, Institute of Ecology and Biological Resources, Hanoi, Vietnam. 2008.
Vu LV. Diversity and similarity of butterfly communities in five different habitat types at Tam Dao National Park, Vietnam. Journal of Zoology. 2009;277(1):15-22.
Adkar RK, Sale DB. Blackbuck Sanctuary Booklet. Published by Department of Forest Conservation, Pune; 2011:2.
Pearson DL. Biodiversity Measurement and Estimation (ed. Hawskworth DL). Published by The Royal Society and Chapman and Hall, London. 1995;75-80.
Pollard E, Yates TJ. Monitoring Butterflies for Ecology and Conservation. Published by Chapman & Hall, London, UK; 1993.
Caldas A, Robbins R. Modified Pollard transects for assessing tropical butterfly abundance and diversity. Biological Conservation. 2003;110:211-219.
Watson Allan, Paul E.S. Whalley. The Dictionary of Butterflies and Moths in Colour. Published by Peerage: Cambridge Rare Books, Cambridge, United Kingdom; 1983.
Kehimkar I. Butterflies of India. Published by Bombay Natural History Society, Mumbai; 2016.
Boonvanno Kantamaht, Suparoek Watanasit, Surakrai Permkam. Butterfly Diversity at Ton Nga- Chang Wildlife Sanctuary, Songkhla Province, Southern Thailand. Science Asia. 2000;26:105- 110.
Shamsudeen RSM, George Mathew. Diversity of Butterflies in Shendurny Wildlife Sanctuary, Kerala (India). World Journal of Zoology. 2010;5(4):324-329.
Rajagopal T, Sekar M, Manimozhi A, Baskar N, Archunan G. Diversity and community structure of butterfly of Arignar Anna Zoological Park, Chennai, Tamil Nadu. J. Environ. Biol. 2011;32,201-207.
Deshmukh CK, Dharamkar DW. A view regarding the diversity of butterflies of Dnyanganga Sanctuary in Maharashtra, India. J. Environ. Res. Develop. 2014;8(4):1016-1020.
Patil Kishor G, Virendra A Shende. Butterfly diversity of Gorewada International Bio-Park, Nagpur, Central India. Arthropods. 2014;3(2):111-119.
Krishna Siva Rama I, Swamy AVVS. Butterfly diversity at Nagarjunasagar-Srisailam Tiger Reserve. International Journal of Applied Biosciences. 2014;2(1):48-63.
Padhye Anand, Sheetal Shelke, Neelesh Dahanukar. Distribution and composition of butterfly species along the latitudinal and habitat gradients of the Western Ghats of India; 2012.
Singh AP. Butterfly diversity in tropical moist deciduous sal forests of Ankua Reserve Forest, Koina Range, Saranda Division, West Singhbhum District, Jharkhand, India. Journal of Threatened Taxa. 2010;2(9):1130-1139.
Majumder J, Lodh R, Agarwala BK. Butterfly species richness and diversity in the Trishna Wildlife Sanctuary in South Asia. Journal of Insect Science. 2013;13(79):1-14.
Kunte K. Seasonal patterns in butterfly abundance and species diversity in four tropical habitats in Northern Western Ghats. Journal of Bioscience.1997;22(5):593-603.
Bastin L. The distribution of plant species in urban vegetation fragments. Landsc. Ecol. 1999;14: 493-507.
Hall RI, Leavitt PR, Quinian R, Dixit AS, Smol JP. Effects of agriculture, urbanization and climate on water quality in the northern green plains. Limnol. Oceanogr. 1999;44:731-759.
McKinney ML. Urbanization, biodiversity and conservation. Bioscience. 2002;52:883-890.
Singh SK, Srivastava SP, Tandon Pankaj, Azad BS. Faunal diversity during rainy season in reclaimed sodic land of Uttar Pradesh, India. J. Environ. Biol. 2009;30:551-556.
Garg RK, Rao RJ, Saksena DN. Water quality and conservation management of Ramsagar reservoir, Datia, Madhya Pradesh. J. Environ. Biol. 2009;30:909-916.
Malagrino GG, Lagunas MM, Rubio AO. Environmental impact reduction through ecological planning at Bahia Magdalena, Mexico. J. Environ. Biol. 2008;29:79-82.
Houlihan Peter R., Mark E. Harrison, Susan M. Cheyne. Impacts of forest gaps on butterfly diversity in a Bornean peat-swamp forest. Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology. 2013;16:67-73.