SEASONAL DIVERSITY, STATUS AND CLIMATIC FACTORS AFFECTING BUTTERFLY (INSECTA: LEPIDOPTERA) FAUNA IN CHAUBATIA GARDEN, RANIKHET- ALMORA, WESTERN HIMALAYA, INDIA
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Published
May 3, 2021
Page:
60-70
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FASUIL FAROOQ
Department of Zoology, Insect Biodiversity Laboratory, D.S.B. Campus, Kumaun University, Nainital- 263002, Uttarakhand, India.
MANOJ KUMAR ARYA
Department of Zoology, Insect Biodiversity Laboratory, D.S.B. Campus, Kumaun University, Nainital- 263002, Uttarakhand, India.
MOHD SAGIR
Department of Zoology, Central University of Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, India.
NARENDER SHARMA
Zoological Survey of India, Arunachal Pradesh Regional Centre, Senky Valley, Itanagar- 791113, India.
SURABHI BISHT
Department of Zoology, Insect Biodiversity Laboratory, D.S.B. Campus, Kumaun University, Nainital- 263002, Uttarakhand, India.
Abstract
An appraisal of seasonal diversity, status and comparison of relationship between various abiotic factors and butterflies species was made in Chaubatia Garden, Ranikhet from July 2017 to June 2019. Line transect were used to survey the butterflies with scooped-net between 8:00 AM to 5:00 PM. A checklist was made comprising a total of 41 species of butterflies belonging to 5 families, 10 subfamilies and 33 genera, of which 16 species were recorded under Common category including 13 species Very Common, 7 species as Occasional and 5 species as Rare. During the course of present investigation it was observed that the family Nymphalidae represented by 21 species was found to be the most dominant family followed by Pieridae 11 species, Papilionidae 4 species, Lycaenidae 3 species and Hesperiidae with only 2 species, respectively. The diversity index of all the seasons showed moderate rank that indicates community equilibrium in the environments was still good. Temperature and relative humidity was found significantly correlated, while rainfall showed negative correlation with the species across all the different seasons of the year. Therefore, understanding of the factors that affect the diversity of butterflies and their abundance in the Chaubatia Garden Ranikhet is important for their conservation.
Keywords:
Butterflies, Chaubatia garden, diversity, family, species
Article Details
How to Cite
FAROOQ, F., ARYA, M. K., SAGIR, M., SHARMA, N., & BISHT, S. (2021). SEASONAL DIVERSITY, STATUS AND CLIMATIC FACTORS AFFECTING BUTTERFLY (INSECTA: LEPIDOPTERA) FAUNA IN CHAUBATIA GARDEN, RANIKHET- ALMORA, WESTERN HIMALAYA, INDIA. UTTAR PRADESH JOURNAL OF ZOOLOGY, 42(9), 60-70. Retrieved from https://mbimph.com/index.php/UPJOZ/article/view/2112
Section
Original Research Article
References
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Bogtapa S. Diversity of butterflies from District Solan, Himachal Pradesh, India. Journal on New Biological Reports. 2015;4:139-148.
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Patil KG, Kanekar A, Shende VA, Bhimrao US. A report on butterfly diversity of Rawanwadi Reservoir, Bhandara (Maharashtra), India. Arthropods. 2017;6:21-28.
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Joshi PC, Arya M. Butterfly communites along altitudinal gradients in a protected forest in the Western Himalayas, India. The Natural History Journal of Chulalongkorn University. 2007;7:1-9.
Meena DS, Dayakrishna. Study on the species composition and status of free ranging butterflies (Lepidoptera: Rhopalocera) in Pt. G.B. Pant High Altitude Zoo, Nainital, Uttarakhand. Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies 2017;5:1135-1139.
Farooq F, Arya MK. Butterflies diversity in the temperate fruit tree orchards of Kumaun Himalaya, Uttarakhand, India. Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies. 2018;6:2946-2953.
Thakur MS, Bhardwaj S. Study on diversity and host plants of butterflies in lower Shiwalik hills, Himachal Pradesh. International Journal of Plant, Animal and Environmental Sciences. 2012;2:33-39.
Chandel S, Kumar V, Sharma BP, Reetu P. Butterfly fauna of Shivalik Hills areas of Kangra and Hamirpur districts of Himachal Pradesh in India. Life Sciences Leaflets. 2014;55:25-38.
Kumar P, Dev R, Mattu VK. Diversity and abundance of butterfly fauna (Insecta: Lepidoptera) of Subalpine area of Chansal Valley of District Shimla (Himachal Pradesh). Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies. 2016;4:243-247.
Verma A, Arya MK. A preliminary study on the status and distribution of butterfly fauna in and around the valley of Reetha Sahib, Champawat, Kumaun Himalaya, India. Biological Forum- An International Journal. 2018;10:43-51.
Kunte K, Joglekar A, Utkarsh G, Padmanabhan P. Patterns of butterfly, bird and tree diversity in the Western Ghats. Current Science. 1999;77:577-586.
Padhye AD, Dahanukar N, Paingankar M, Deshpande M, Deshpande D. Season and landscape wise distribution of butterflies in Tamhini, Northern Western Ghats, India. Zoo’s Print Journal. 2006;21:2175-2181.
Kumar A. Butterfly (Lepidoptera: Insecta) diversity from different sites of Jhagadia, Ankleshwar, District- Bharuch, Gujarat. Octa Journal of Environmental Research. 2013;1:9-18.
Pollard E. A method for assessing changes in the abundance of butterflies. Biological Conservation. 1997;12:115-134
Pollard E. Temperature, rainfall and butterfly numbers. Journal of Applied Ecology. 1988;2:819-828.
Gandhi S, Kumar D. Non-judicious pesticide utilization causing decline in butterfly population. IIS University Journal of Science and Technology. 2013;2:13-16.
Rodgers WA, Panwar HS, Mathur VB. Wildlife protected area network in India: A review (Executive Summary). Wildlife Institute of India, Dehradun; 2000.
Rodgers WA, Panwar HS. Planning a wildlife protected area network in India. Wildlife Institute of India, Dehradun. 1988;I & II.
Bhardwaj M, Uniyal VP, Sanyal AK, Singh AP. Butterfly communities along an elevational gradient in the Tons Valley, Western Himalayas: Implications of rapid assessment for insect conservation. Journal of Asia- Pacific Entomology. 2012;15:207-217.
Bogtapa S. Diversity of butterflies from District Solan, Himachal Pradesh, India. Journal on New Biological Reports. 2015;4:139-148.
Varshney RK. Bharat ki titliyan (Butterflies of India) [in Hindi]. Zoological survey of India, Kolkata. 2010;195.
Kumar P. Handbook on common butterflies of Uttarakhand. Zoological survey of India, Kolkata. 2008;1-136.
Basset Y, Barrios H, Segar S, Srygley RB, Aiello A, Warren AD, Francisco D, Coronado J, Jorge L, Arizala S, Rivera M, Perez F, Bobadilla R, Lopez Y, Ramirez JA. The butterflies of Barro Colorado Island, Panama: Local Extinction since the 1930s. PLoS One. 2015;10:1-22.
Kunte K. Seasonal patterns in butterflies abundance and species diversity in four tropical habitats in the northern Western Ghats. Journal of Bioscience. 1997;22:593-603.
Pollard E. Synchrony of population fluctuations: The dominant influence of widespread factors on local butterfly populations. Oikios. 1991;60:7-10.
Blair RB. Birds and butterflies along an Urban Gradient: Surrogate Taxa for Assessing Biodiversity. Ecological Applications. 1999;9:164-170.
Aluri JSR, Rao SP. Psychophily and evolution consideration of Cadaba fructicosa (Capparaceae). Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society. 2002;99:59-63.
MacNally R, Fleishman E. A successful predictive model of species richness based on indicator species. Conservation Biology. 2004;18:634-646.
Guptha MB, Rao PVC, Reddy DS, Maddala SRSCS, Babu PM. A preliminary observation on butterflies of Sehachalam Biosphere reserve, Eastern Ghats, Andhra Pradesh, India. World Journal of Zoology. 2012;7:83-89.
Bora A, Meitei LR. Diversity of butterflies (Order: Lepidoptera) in Assam University Campus and its vicinity, Cachar District, Assam, India. Journal of Biodiversity and Environmental Sciences. 2014;5:328-339.
Arya M, Dayakrishna, Chaudhary R. Species richness and diversity of butterflies in and around Kumaun University, Nainital, Uttarakhand, India. Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies. 2014;2:153-159.
Jose D, Senthilkumaar P. Preliminary report on the butterfly diversity of Muttom Panchayath, Idukki District, Kerala, India. International Research Journal of Biological Sciences. 2016;5:23-30.
Memmott J, Craze P, Waser NM, Price MV. Global warming and the disruption of plant-pollinator interactions. Ecology Letters. 2007;10:710-717.
Ojianwuna CC. Climatic variables as factors affecting diversity and abundance of butterflies in Okomu National Park, Edo State, Nigeria. Journal of Natural Sciences Research. 2015;5:70-77.
Roy DB, Sparks T. Phenology of British butterflies and climate change. Global Change Biology. 2000;6:407-416.
Patil KG, Kanekar A, Shende VA, Bhimrao US. A report on butterfly diversity of Rawanwadi Reservoir, Bhandara (Maharashtra), India. Arthropods. 2017;6:21-28.
Pollard E, Yates TJ. Monitoring butterflies for ecology and conservation. London: Chapman and Hall. 1993;292.
Tiple AD. Butterflies species diversity, relative abundance and status in Tropical Forest Research Institute, Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh, Central India. Journal of Threatened Taxa. 2012;4:2713-2717.
Evans WH. The identification of Indian butterflies. Bombay: Bombay Natural History Society. 1932;464.
Kunte K. Butterflies of Peninsular India. Universities Press Limited, Hyderabad, India. 2000;254.
Kehimkar I. The book of Indian butterflies. Bombay Natural History Society- Oxford University Press. 2008;1-497.
Jaworski T, Hilszczanski J. The effect of temperature and humidity changes on insects development and their impact on forest ecosystems in the contest of expected climate change. Forest Research Papers. 2013;4:345-355.
Beals M, Gross L, Harrell S. Diversity indices: Simpson’s D and E; 1999.
Available:http://www.tiem.utk.edu/~gross/bioed/bealsmodules/simpsonDI.html
Hammer Harper DA, Ryan PD. PAST- Palaeontological Statistical Software Package for Education and Data Analysis. Paleontologia Electronica. 2001;4:9.
Joshi PC, Arya M. Butterfly communites along altitudinal gradients in a protected forest in the Western Himalayas, India. The Natural History Journal of Chulalongkorn University. 2007;7:1-9.
Meena DS, Dayakrishna. Study on the species composition and status of free ranging butterflies (Lepidoptera: Rhopalocera) in Pt. G.B. Pant High Altitude Zoo, Nainital, Uttarakhand. Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies 2017;5:1135-1139.
Farooq F, Arya MK. Butterflies diversity in the temperate fruit tree orchards of Kumaun Himalaya, Uttarakhand, India. Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies. 2018;6:2946-2953.
Thakur MS, Bhardwaj S. Study on diversity and host plants of butterflies in lower Shiwalik hills, Himachal Pradesh. International Journal of Plant, Animal and Environmental Sciences. 2012;2:33-39.
Chandel S, Kumar V, Sharma BP, Reetu P. Butterfly fauna of Shivalik Hills areas of Kangra and Hamirpur districts of Himachal Pradesh in India. Life Sciences Leaflets. 2014;55:25-38.
Kumar P, Dev R, Mattu VK. Diversity and abundance of butterfly fauna (Insecta: Lepidoptera) of Subalpine area of Chansal Valley of District Shimla (Himachal Pradesh). Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies. 2016;4:243-247.
Verma A, Arya MK. A preliminary study on the status and distribution of butterfly fauna in and around the valley of Reetha Sahib, Champawat, Kumaun Himalaya, India. Biological Forum- An International Journal. 2018;10:43-51.
Kunte K, Joglekar A, Utkarsh G, Padmanabhan P. Patterns of butterfly, bird and tree diversity in the Western Ghats. Current Science. 1999;77:577-586.
Padhye AD, Dahanukar N, Paingankar M, Deshpande M, Deshpande D. Season and landscape wise distribution of butterflies in Tamhini, Northern Western Ghats, India. Zoo’s Print Journal. 2006;21:2175-2181.
Kumar A. Butterfly (Lepidoptera: Insecta) diversity from different sites of Jhagadia, Ankleshwar, District- Bharuch, Gujarat. Octa Journal of Environmental Research. 2013;1:9-18.
Pollard E. A method for assessing changes in the abundance of butterflies. Biological Conservation. 1997;12:115-134
Pollard E. Temperature, rainfall and butterfly numbers. Journal of Applied Ecology. 1988;2:819-828.
Gandhi S, Kumar D. Non-judicious pesticide utilization causing decline in butterfly population. IIS University Journal of Science and Technology. 2013;2:13-16.