The Risk of Genetic Variants and Socioeconomic Lifestyle for Insulin Resistance Traits: A Mini-review
Lina M. Alneghery *
Department of Biology, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, P.O. Box-90950 Riyadh-11623, Saudi Arabia.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Insulin resistance is a complex metabolic characteristic that increases the risk of developing cardiovascular disease which results from hypertension and dyslipidemia. The interaction of hereditary and environmental are factors driving the emergence of such disorders. Molecular techniques have now enabled the discovery of uncommon variations linked to the etiology of these disorders. Lipid metabolism is connected to various genetic variations associated with the etiology of metabolic syndrome. There are several genetic variants including epigenetic modifications alongside immunological status interference with pathogenic infectious that are directly related to insulin resistance and glucose metabolism. However, functional studies are required to determine the role of various genetic variations and other distinct factors in the development of insulin resistance. This review aims to give a broad overview of the interference of these genetic variants in the occurrence of insulin resistance. We also provide a summary of current developments in the environmental and immune factors associated with type 2 diabetes.
Keywords: IR, genetic variation, cardiovascular disease, T2DM