Developmental and Reproductive Biology of Brinjal Shoot and Fruit Borer (Leucinodes orbonalis, Guenee) in Brinjal (Solanum melongena L.) under the Lab Conditions
Mohit Tiwari
Department of Entomology, Chandra Shekhar Azad University of Agriculture and Technology, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, 208002, India.
Anand Kumar Panday *
Department of Entomology, Chandra Shekhar Azad University of Agriculture and Technology, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, 208002, India.
Mukesh Srivastava
Department of Plant Pathology, Chandra Shekhar Azad University of Agriculture and Technology, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, 208002, India.
Vivek Kumar Tripathi
Department of Fruit Science, Chandra Shekhar Azad University of Agriculture and Technology, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, 208002, India.
Kaushal Kumar
Department of Soil Conservation and Water Management, Chandra Shekhar Azad University of Agriculture and Technology, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, 208002, India.
Umanath Shukla
Department of Agronomy, Chandra Shekhar Azad University of Agriculture and Technology, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, 208002, India.
Ram Ajeet Chaudhary *
Chandra Shekhar Azad University of Agriculture and Technology, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, 208002, India.
Lakshmi Pandey
Department of Entomology, Chandra Shekhar Azad University of Agriculture and Technology, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, 208002, India.
Suraj Singh
Department of Entomology, Chandra Shekhar Azad University of Agriculture and Technology, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, 208002, India.
Rajendra Prasad
Department of Entomology, Chandra Shekhar Azad University of Agriculture and Technology, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, 208002, India.
Sibun Kumar Rout
Department of Entomology, Chandra Shekhar Azad University of Agriculture and Technology, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, 208002, India.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
The developmental and reproductive biology of the brinjal shoot and fruit borer, Leucinodes orbonalis Guenée (Lepidoptera: Crambidae), was investigated under laboratory conditions using insects cultured from infested brinjal fruits of the Pusa Purple Round variety. Eggs from the subsequent laboratory generation were used to record incubation, hatchability, successive larval instars, pre-pupal and pupal durations, adult longevity, reproductive periods, fecundity and sex ratio. Observations were summarised as means ± standard deviations and observed ranges. Incubation lasted 3–5 days (3.84 ± 0.26days), and egg hatchability ranged from 70% to 80% (76.4± 4.90%). Five larval instars were identified, with a combined larval duration of 13.20–15.20 days (14.36 ± 0.68 days). Mean pre-pupal and pupal durations were1.68 ± 0.30 and 9.52 ± 0.52 days, respectively. Development from egg to adult emergence required 26.60–31.00 days (29.40 ± 1.67days). Adult males survived for 3.6 ± 0.89 days, compared with 5.80 ± 1.30 days for females. Pre-oviposition, oviposition and post-oviposition periods averaged 1.40 ± 0.20, 3.16 ± 0.17, and 1.24 ± 0.09 days, respectively. Female fecundity averaged 188.08 ±8.81 eggs, and the male-to-female sex ratio was 1:2. These findings describe stage-specific development and reproduction under the conditions examined and provide a laboratory baseline for subsequent studies of this pest.
Keywords: Leucinodes orbonalis, Solanum melongena, brinjal, shoot and fruit borer, incubation period, egg hatchability, larval instars, pupal duration, adult longevity, fecundity, sex ratio